遇到一个测试服务器上,升级操作系统(从alios7转换到centos7)后,发现libvirtd启动后并没有正确启动virbr0,并且长时间出现ip6talbes -n -L FORWARD指令D住问题

$ps r -A
  PID TTY      STAT   TIME COMMAND
 2131 ?        D      0:00 /usr/sbin/iptables -w --table filter --insert FORWARD --destination 192.168.122.0/24 --out-interface virbr0
49444 pts/0    R+     0:00 ps r -A

将alios 7的iptables软件包强制切换成CentOS7的iptables。但是重启后依然出现iptables指令D住问题。

  • 检查D住的进程
2131 ?        D      0:03 /usr/sbin/iptables -w --table filter --insert FORWARD --destination 192.168.122.0/24 --out-interface virbr0

这个iptables指令显示是需要在virbr0上插入转发规则。

#ifconfig
...
virbr0-nic: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        ether 52:54:00:1f:48:0c  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
#brctl show
bridge name    bridge id        STP enabled    interfaces
virbr0        8000.5254001f480c    yes        virbr0-nic
  • 检查启动dmesg显示
[   21.328152] ip6_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team
[   21.342781] Ebtables v2.0 registered
[   21.463834] bridge: automatic filtering via arp/ip/ip6tables has been deprecated. Update your scripts to load br_netfilter if you need this.

不过,这个报错信息在另外一台测试服务器上也有,但是另外一台测试服务器没有这个无法启动

  • 检查D住进程的堆栈
#cat /proc/2131/stack
[<ffffffff810a44e8>] call_usermodehelper_exec+0x108/0x1a0
[<ffffffff810a497b>] __request_module+0x18b/0x2b0
[<ffffffffa047ea55>] nf_ct_l3proto_try_module_get+0x25/0x50 [nf_conntrack]
[<ffffffffa046b678>] conntrack_mt_check+0x18/0x3c [xt_conntrack]
[<ffffffff815aab85>] xt_check_match+0xa5/0x1f0
[<ffffffffa00f2077>] translate_table+0x587/0x950 [ip_tables]
[<ffffffffa00f310b>] do_ipt_set_ctl+0x10b/0x1c9 [ip_tables]
[<ffffffff815a8ac5>] nf_setsockopt+0x65/0x90
[<ffffffff815ba4bf>] ip_setsockopt+0x7f/0xa0
[<ffffffff815ddab6>] raw_setsockopt+0x16/0x60
[<ffffffff81557bd4>] sock_common_setsockopt+0x14/0x20
[<ffffffff81556d60>] SyS_setsockopt+0x80/0xf0
[<ffffffff81697749>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
[<ffffffffffffffff>] 0xffffffffffffffff
  • 检查libvirtd日志
#systemctl status libvirtd
● libvirtd.service - Virtualization daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2017-06-21 21:01:29 CST; 19min ago
     Docs: man:libvirtd(8)
           http://libvirt.org
 Main PID: 1568 (libvirtd)
   Memory: 25.3M
   CGroup: /system.slice/libvirtd.service
           ├─1568 /usr/sbin/libvirtd
           └─2139 /usr/sbin/iptables -w --table filter --insert FORWARD --destination 192.168.122.0/24 --out-interface virbr0 --matc...

Jun 21 21:01:29 server.example.com systemd[1]: Starting Virtualization daemon...
Jun 21 21:01:29 server.example.com systemd[1]: Started Virtualization daemon.

可以看到systemd其启动中,有一个执行iptables不步骤。

但是对比了正常的服务器,发现在虚拟交换机virbr0对应的接口命名上有所不同。

虽然正常和异常的服务器,brctl show显示相同

#brctl show
bridge name    bridge id        STP enabled    interfaces
virbr0        8000.5254001f480c    yes        virbr0-nic

但是比较奇怪的是,在正常服务器上,ifconfig -a输出显示的接口:

virbr0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.122.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.122.255
        ether 52:54:00:fa:6c:fe  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 3270  bytes 636884 (621.9 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 279  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 2173  bytes 3985870 (3.8 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

异常服务器则是virbr0-inc

virbr0-nic: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        ether 52:54:00:1f:48:0c  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

怀疑正常服务器虚拟接口virbr0-nic有别名virbr0

  • 进制libvirtd在操作系统启动时启动,然后重启操作系统,手工执行systemctl start libvirtd,可以看到操作系统日志显示
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com dbus[1232]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1' unit='polkit.service'
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com dbus-daemon[1232]: dbus[1232]: [system] Activating via systemd: service name='org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1' unit='polkit.service'
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com systemd[1]: Starting Authorization Manager...
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com polkitd[11378]: Started polkitd version 0.112
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com polkitd[11378]: Loading rules from directory /etc/polkit-1/rules.d
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com polkitd[11378]: Loading rules from directory /usr/share/polkit-1/rules.d
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com polkitd[11378]: Finished loading, compiling and executing 3 rules
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com dbus[1232]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1'
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com dbus-daemon[1232]: dbus[1232]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1'
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com systemd[1]: Started Authorization Manager.
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com polkitd[11378]: Acquired the name org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1 on the system bus
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com polkitd[11378]: Registered Authentication Agent for unix-process:11373:12356 (system bus name :1.105 [/usr/bin/pkttyagent --notify-fd 5 --fallback], object path /org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/AuthenticationAgent, locale en_US.UTF-8)
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com systemd[1]: Listening on Virtual machine log manager socket.
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com systemd[1]: Starting Virtual machine log manager socket.
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com systemd[1]: Starting Virtualization daemon...
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com systemd[1]: Started Virtualization daemon.
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com polkitd[11378]: Unregistered Authentication Agent for unix-process:11373:12356 (system bus name :1.105, object path /org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/AuthenticationAgent, locale en_US.UTF-8) (disconnected from bus)
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com admin[11411]: alicmd:root:systemctl start libvirtd:admin pts/0 2017-06-21 21:50 (10.101.76.56)
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com kernel: ip6_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com kernel: Ebtables v2.0 registered
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com kernel: bridge: automatic filtering via arp/ip/ip6tables has been deprecated. Update your scripts to load br_netfilter if you need this.
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com kernel: tun: Universal TUN/TAP device driver, 1.6
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com kernel: tun: (C) 1999-2004 Max Krasnyansky <[email protected]>
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com kernel: device virbr0-nic entered promiscuous mode
Jun 21 21:52:33 server.example.com kernel: nf_conntrack version 0.5.0 (65536 buckets, 262144 max)

参考 bridge: automatic filtering via arp/ip/ip6tables has been deprecated

尝试检查内核设置中和bridge相关参数

sysctl -a | grep bridge

发现异常服务器没有任何输出。

而正常服务器则输出

net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-filter-pppoe-tagged = 0
net.bridge.bridge-nf-filter-vlan-tagged = 0
net.bridge.bridge-nf-pass-vlan-input-dev = 0

是不是内核参数设置导致的问题?

检查对比发现,异常服务器在 /etc/sysctl.d 目录下增加了2个配置文件,主要是服务器针对虚拟化优化,但是移除了配置文件还是没有解决。

参考 CentOS 6 ELRepo kernel bridge issues ,运来最新内核使用br_netfilter模块来提供/proc/sys/net/bridge,如果看到

bridge: automatic filtering via arp/ip/ip6tables has been deprecated. 
Update your scripts to load br_netfilter if you need this.

则需要先加载br_netfilter模块

# ls /proc/sys/net/bridge
ls: cannot access /proc/sys/net/bridge: No such file or directory
# modprobe br_netfilter
# ls /proc/sys/net/bridge
bridge-nf-call-arptables  bridge-nf-filter-pppoe-tagged
bridge-nf-call-ip6tables  bridge-nf-filter-vlan-tagged
bridge-nf-call-iptables   bridge-nf-pass-vlan-input-dev

不过,我还是没有解决这个iptables指令D住问题。不过,加载了br_netfilter模块之后,日志确实不再报load br_netfilter错误提示。

Openstack提供了一个Disable libvirt networking,但是存在的问题是,依然需要通过virsh命令来执行,所以没有完成。

iptables排查

由于iptables进程D住,尝试

#iptables -L -w
Another app is currently holding the xtables lock; waiting (1s) for it to exit..

这里出现了一个xtables lock,看来是这个问题导致.

参考 Firewall and network filtering in libvirt ,原来所有防火墙设置都位于 /etc/libvirt/nwfilter 。不过,文档中不建议直接编辑,而是通过virsh nwfilter-define来更新。

重启操作系统,发现在没有启动libvirtd之前,单纯操作iptables也是存在问题的,使用和NAT有关的的指令会D住:

#iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination


#iptables -t nat -L

iptables -t nat -L无任何输出,hang住。

使用ps r -A指令检查,可以看到加载iptable_nat模块存在问题

$ps r -A
  PID TTY      STAT   TIME COMMAND
 5210 pts/0    D+     0:00 iptables -t nat -L
 5212 ?        D      0:01 /sbin/modprobe -q -- iptable_nat
50877 pts/1    R+     0:00 ps r -A

检查modprobe进程堆栈

 #cat /proc/5212/stack
[<ffffffff810a44e8>] call_usermodehelper_exec+0x108/0x1a0
[<ffffffff810a497b>] __request_module+0x18b/0x2b0
[<ffffffffa044ea55>] nf_ct_l3proto_try_module_get+0x25/0x50 [nf_conntrack]
[<ffffffffa0465995>] nf_nat_l3proto_register+0x15/0x70 [nf_nat]
[<ffffffffa0411026>] nf_nat_l3proto_ipv4_init+0x26/0x1000 [nf_nat_ipv4]
[<ffffffff810020e8>] do_one_initcall+0xb8/0x230
[<ffffffff81100918>] load_module+0x22c8/0x2930
[<ffffffff81101136>] SyS_finit_module+0xa6/0xd0
[<ffffffff81697749>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
[<ffffffffffffffff>] 0xffffffffffffffff

操作系统内核日志显示

Jun 22 15:51:02 server.example.com kernel: nf_conntrack version 0.5.0 (65536 buckets, 262144 max)

由于系统日志里提到了nf_conntrack,所以怀疑这个netfilter模块存在问题。

参考 how do I disable the nf_conntrack kernel module in CentOS 5.3 without recompiling the kernel (原文是为了提高网络性能,所以要关闭nf_conntrack),发现系统确实加载了nf_XXXX模块

#lsmod | grep nf_
nf_nat_ipv4            14115  1
nf_nat                 26147  1 nf_nat_ipv4
nf_conntrack          111302  2 nf_nat,nf_nat_ipv4

回答中提到了What about adding the module to /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf?,我也检查了一下 /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf?,发现其中有禁用nf_conntrack_ipv4:

blacklist edac_core
blacklist sb_edac
blacklist liquidio_vf
blacklist nf_conntrack_ipv4
blacklist edac_core
blacklist sb_edac
blacklist nouveau

liquidio_vfCavium LiquidIO VF support

尝试编辑 /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf ,删除掉 blacklist nf_conntrack_ipv4 然后保存文件。

立即发现原先D住的/sbin/modprobe -q -- iptable_nat进程立即消失了。而且再使用iptables -t nat -L指令也没有任何问题。

再次检查lsmod | grep nf_,发现原来修改/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf不需要重启任何服务,是立即生效(modprobe会读取这个配置):

#lsmod | grep nf_
nf_conntrack_ipv4      19108  1
nf_defrag_ipv4         12729  1 nf_conntrack_ipv4
nf_nat_ipv4            14115  1 iptable_nat
nf_nat                 26147  1 nf_nat_ipv4
nf_conntrack          111302  3 nf_nat,nf_nat_ipv4,nf_conntrack_ipv4

可以看到 nf_conntrack_ipv4 解除黑名单之后,就能够被nf_conntrack所引用加载

  • 问题解决

上述iptables -t nat问题解决之后,再执行systemctl start libvirtd就可以正常运行没有任何问题,不再出现/usr/sbin/iptables -w --table filter --insert FORWARD --destination 192.168.122.0/24 --out-interface virbr0指令D住问题。

经验总结

  • iptables命令执行D住时,要检查该指令加载的内核模块是否能够加载,如果模块无法加载,会导致iptables命令无法执行。
  • 内核模块之间有依赖关系,有可能iptables加载的内核模块所依赖的模块无法加载,就会层层影响,导致程序D住。
  • 一定要检查/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf配置,该配置文件影响内核模块加载,会导致依赖程序无法运行。

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